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How It Works
Spironolactone is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs known as potassium-sparing diuretics. It works by blocking the action of aldosterone, a hormone in your body that regulates the balance of water and electrolytes. By blocking aldosterone, spironolactone causes the kidneys to excrete more sodium and water while retaining potassium. This helps reduce fluid retention and swelling in the body, making it an effective treatment for conditions such as high blood pressure, heart failure, and edema.
Spironolactone is also used to treat hormonal acne and hirsutism in women by blocking the effects of androgens, male hormones that can contribute to these conditions.
How it works
Spironolactone works by blocking the hormone aldosterone in the kidneys, which helps to increase the amount of water and salt removed from the body through urine. By doing so, it helps to lower blood pressure, reduce swelling, and prevent the body from retaining too much fluid. This medication is known as a diuretic or “water pill” and is commonly used to treat conditions such as high blood pressure, heart failure, and edema.
| Key Points: |
| • Blocks aldosterone hormone |
| • Increases water and salt removal |
| • Lowers blood pressure and reduces swelling |
| • Used for high blood pressure, heart failure, and edema |
Usage
Spironolactone is usually taken orally once or twice daily as directed by your doctor. It is important to take this medication consistently and at the same time each day to get the most benefit from it. The dosage will be based on your medical condition and response to treatment.
It is recommended to take spironolactone with food or milk to reduce stomach upset. Make sure to drink plenty of fluids while taking this medication to prevent dehydration. Do not increase your dose or take it more often than prescribed.
If you are using the liquid form of this medication, carefully measure the dose using a special measuring device/spoon. Do not use a household spoon as you may not get the correct dose.
| Dosage Form | Recommended Dosage |
|---|---|
| Tablets | Typically 25 mg to 200 mg per day, taken in 1 to 2 divided doses |
| Liquid | Measured with a special device/spoon according to your prescription |
It is important to continue taking spironolactone even if you feel well. Do not stop taking this medication without consulting your doctor, as sudden discontinuation can lead to worsening of your condition.
Side effects
As with any medication, spironolactone may cause some side effects. It is important to be aware of these potential side effects before starting the medication.
- Common side effects may include dizziness, headache, diarrhea, and stomach cramps.
- Some people may experience breast tenderness or enlargement while taking spironolactone.
- It is also possible to develop hyperkalemia (high levels of potassium in the blood) as a side effect of spironolactone.
- Rare but serious side effects may include allergic reactions such as rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or trouble breathing.
If you experience any of these side effects or any other unusual symptoms while taking spironolactone, it is essential to consult your healthcare provider immediately.